Complete working of hub:
·
A Hub is a
networking device which receives signal from the source, amplifies it and send
it to multiple destinations or computers.
·
A hub work at physical layer.
·
It works in a half-duplex
(one way) communication mode, and there is always a chance of data collision in
a half duplex mode of communication.
·
It does not understand
any data format, sees the data in the form an electrical signal.
·
It broadcasts (sends to
all) every data it receives to every connected PC/node in the network on every
single time. Other words, Hub cannot unicast the data.
Complete working of switch:
·
A
network switch is a computer networking device that connects devices together
on a computer network, by using packet switching to receive, process and
forward data to the destination device.
·
Switches
operate in full-duplex mode where devices can send and receive data from the
switch at the simultaneously unlike in half-duplex mode
·
Switch
transfers the data only to that port which is connected to the destination
device.
Complete working of router:
·
A router (including a
wireless router) is a specialized networking device connected to two or more
networks running software that allows the router to move data from one network
to another.
·
A router is a networking device that forwards data
packets between computer networks.
·
Router functions in an
Internet protocol based network operate at the network layer.
·
Complete working of gateway:
·
Gateway is a device which
is used to connect multiple networks and passes packets from one packet to the
other network. Acting as the ‘gateway’ between different networking systems or
computer programs, a gateway is a device which forms a link between them.
·
A gateway is a network
node connecting two networks that use different protocols.
·
Gateways regulate traffic
between two dissimilar networks, while routers regulate traffic between similar
networks
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